- C-Band
- One of two parts of the radio frequency spectrum utilized for satellite transmissions.
Uses uplink frequencies in the 6 GHz range and downlink frequencies in the 4 GHz range.
A
major advantage of C-Band over KU-Band is that it is
relatively impervious to weather conditions. A disadvantage is that the frequencies are
shared with terrestrial microwave, requiring an extensive (and expensive) frequency search
to ensure interference-free transmission.
The PRSS operates in C-Band.
- Carrier
- Generally, the principle upon which all radio transmission is based. A wave of high
enough frequency that it can be "radiated" through space which is in turn
"encoded" or "modulated" by the program signal which needs to be
transmitted.
- That part of AT&T Long Lines which takes care of installing
and maintaining the microwave system which AT&T uses to transmit everything from phone
calls to video from city to city.
- A system used by an increasing number of telcos to transmit
anything between local offices. In this case it could be analog or digital. The important
thing to remember is that a spec listed for a carrier facility is the maximum you can
expect. The same spec listed for a copper facility is the minimum
performance guaranteed.
- CBC
- The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation The entity in Canada that
produces and distributes radio and television programming both domestically and
internationally.
- CCWT/CCWL
- Came Clear While Testing/Came Dlear While Listening. Telco explanations for intermittent trouble.
- Class of Service
- Purchasable qualities of telco circuits, both local and
interexchange. The later is presented here for historical sake but can no longer be
ordered since AT&T is out of the long line audio business.
- AAA Full-time 50 Hz -15 kHz
- AA Full-time 50 Hz -8 KHz
- A Full-time 100 Hz -5 KHz
- BBB Occasional 50 Hz -15 KHz
- BB Occasional 50 Hz -8 KHz
- B Occasional 100 Hz -5 KHz (see FABLE)
- C Full-time non-equalized or 300 Hz -3.5 KHz
- D Occasional non-equalized or 300 Hz -3.5 KHz (see DELIN)
- CNN
- One of several satellite delivered cable networks, Cable News Network
is a 24 hour news and information service distributed worldwide from Atlanta.
The
pundits predicted financial ruin for Ted, he's still around and operating multiple
satellite-delivered TV Networks including CNN, CNN2 and TNT as well as super station WTBS.
He sold his interest to Time Warner for very large $$$$
- CoDec
- Short for CODer/DECoder. A device for coding audio for transmission on
a digital facility and decoding received transmissions back into audio. The quality is
determined by the data rate, coding scheme and algorithm used by the designer of the
equipment.
We use 15KHz codecs built by Northern Telecom for T1
transmission, and codecs built by Corporate Computer Systems (CCS Micro 56, Micro 56+,
Micro 66i, CDQ-1000 & CDQ-2000), RE America (RE-660 & 661) and Telos Zephyr for both switched and dedicated services.
- Commercial Sharing
- The sale of excess satellite capacity to commercial customers. This is service intended
for commercial use which would not qualify as EPS.
- Common Carrier
- A communications service that provides service without prejudice to all comers, at
regulated rates, as long as facilities are available and bills are paid. The AT&T, Bell Atlantic, IDB and MCI, Sprint etc. are all common
carriers.
- Comrex
- A manufacturer of a variety of broadcast equipment, most closely identified with their
low frequency extenders for dial-up telephone lines.
A term now used generically to
describe all one-line dial-up telephone line processors. The Comrex
company was the first to market these products and still has the lions' share of the
market.
This is a double ended system employing a 250 Hz frequency shift up at the xmit end and
250 Hz down at the receive end. No adjustments, other than setting level, should be
required.
Have the xmit end send at the highest level that does not cause objectionable
distortion. Material can be sent at full speed or half speed. Half speed can yield results
similar to a 5 KHz program circuit, but is only
suitable for recorded material. Always do a test recording of half speed material to
determine proper operation of the processors and tape recorders.
There are decoders installed in the RC, Master Control and a spare in the basement.
Both MC and STC have two-line decoders.
A similar but incompatible technology is available from Rood.
- Coordination Channel
- One of the 5 kHz bandwidth, low signal-to-noise ratio satellite channels used to send
digital data to and from the NPR STC. Channel "F1" sends DACS,
Netcue, and URC signals outbound from
Washington on a full-time basis. Channel "F2" sends uplink status data back to
Washington from all URC equipped outland uplinks on a timeshared basis.
These systems
are being revamped, but not replaced, by FISPO as part of the
new satellite system.
- Copper
- A mineral used in the manufacture of many things including wire.
- More importantly, a facility leased from a telco that is
analog all-the-way: no carrier, no digital,
no nothing but direct voltage in for voltage out.
Why do we care what scheme a phone company is using to deliver a service? Well, a
carrier 5k is guaranteed to be good to 5k and that's it. A copper 5k in Washington will
usually be good to considerably beyond 5k. The practical upshot is that we can get better
performance for less money. The only problem is that you can't specify the type of
equipment the Telco uses. In general new service is installed on carrier if it transits more than one central office.
- CNYT
- Current New York Time Eastern time in AT&T language.
- CPB
- The Corporation For Public Broadcasting The organization that channels
the money appropriated by Congress for the support of public broadcasting to the public
radio and television stations. The stations then buy the services and programs they want
from NPR, PRI, PBS
and other venders.
- C-SPAN
- The Cable Satellite Public Affairs Network. A TV Network funded by
cable systems operates two satellite delivered cable channels. C-SPAN provides coverage of
the House of Representatives while C-SPAN2 covers the United States Senate. Both services
fill in the blanks with other hearings and events from around Washington.
Audio
services are also provided by C-SPAN on some cable systems. BBC World Service is available
on the SAP channel of C-SPAN2 in many areas.
- CSU
- Channel Service Unit The Switched56
equivelent of the ISDN terminal
adapter. Profides the ability to dial a distant connection and transmlation of data
from the audio codec to the data circuit.
- Customer Level
- +8 dBm transmitted level into a telco circuit. Frequency of
continuous tones at this level should never exceed 400 Hz into an IXC.
NPR, and many other broadcasters, tend to operate at a lower level (+4dBm) to gain
additional headroom and less distortion.
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